Just another Crikey site

COAG, Clean energy and ‘Green Tape’

   

The COAG meeting today, notable for its coincidence with an increased scepticism about the clean energy industry among the conservative premiers of New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria, coincides with Campbell Newman’s battering ram impersonation.

“Get out of the way”, Campbell Newman proclaims to the Prime Minister.

It’s something of a case study in how environmental protection can go backwards. Queensland and New South Wales have been withdrawing support from clean energy, arguing that this is redudant given the federal government’s climate mitigation agenda. Of course, the irony is that Campbell Newman and Barry O’Farrell want to see the climate price repealed.

At the same time, the press has been full of business denunciations of ‘Green Tape’. The Gillard government, apparently sensitive to criticisms that it is out of touch with the corporate sector, appears to agree, putting the blame on the states and calling for ‘harmonisation’. So we have the politics of inter-governmental relations combined with a business push, and the states also want a win over the weakened Prime Minister.

The end result of this cycle is likely to be a significant reduction in the robustness of environmental regulation, as it applies to the mining and coal seam gas industries.

Cross-posted at The Pirate Queen’s Panopticon.

Victorian ALP calls for CSG moratorium

   

Adam Morton of The Age reports that the Victorian Labor Opposition has called for a moratorium on new licenses for CSG exploration in that state, while safety concerns about fracking are investigated by a parliamentary inquiry.

At this stage, Friends of the Earth’s Melbourne branch doesn’t list any active CSG exploration in Victoria. However, there are currently 24 exploration licenses, and another eight applications under consideration. Exploration for additional brown coal (for drying and subsequent export) is actively proceeding in areas like Bacchus Marsh a town not far from Melbourne’s western fringe, in the face of considerable resident protest, and with the active encouragement of the state government. In fact, they’re planning to run a “communication strategy” touting the benefits of coal mining.

The conservative government’s cheerleading for the coal (including CSG) industry is matched with active opposition to wind power – where every resident within 2km of a proposed wind farm has the right of veto over it.

Given the number of already issued exploration permits, and the fact that a state election is still some time away, the practical and political impact of this decision is likely to be small. But it’s interesting nonetheless that the state ALP clearly thinks that coal’s expansion into new, heavily populated areas is starting to antagonize the Victorian public.

Crossposted from A Bent Ghost

Response to the Petron fugitive emissions study in Nature

   

One of the key reasons for concern about fugitive emissions from coal seam gas is a just-published empirical study by a team of research led by Gabrielle Petron. That study directly measured methane levels in Colorado’s gas fields, and came to the conclusion that fugitive emissions were much higher than previously though.

Kathleen M. Sgamma of the Western Energy Alliance, a natural gas industry advocacy group, has responded in correspondence in Nature (NB: it is not a “letter to Nature“, which are actually short peer-reviewed scientific papers). She makes two main points in response: that practices have changed significantly since the data was collected in 2008, and that the study did not attempt to exclude the effects of methane emissions from agriculture, which are known to be considerable.

Both points appear plausible. But, at the risk of sounding like a broken record, what we need is more data, better calculation methods, and most importantly in the Australian context some local data rather than extrapolating from the US gas industry which operates in different geology and a different regulatory environment!

Shale gas: the new horizon

   

There has been little discussion about a shale gas industry in Australia, but it seems that may soon change. With breakfast this morning came the story that could be soon dwarfed by a shale gas industry that could be six times larger.

Shale gas is found in more remote basins:

in northwest Western Australia, the Cooper Basin in the northeast corner of South Australia and into Queensland, as well as smaller reservoirs in the Maryborough Basin. Exploration is also under way in central Queensland’s Galilee Basin.

For this reason, and because it is deeper and hence separated further from aquifers used for agriculture and other domestic purposes, shale gas is held to have a lesser environmental impact. But it is also anticipated that all of the possible 150,000 wells will need to be fracked. The water requirement could be 11 million litres per well, or an annual requirement equivalent to Melbourne’s water consumption.

This must cause concern.

“Coal seam gas expert scientific committee”

   

Federal Environment Minister Tony Burke introduced legislation establishing an independent expert committee to examine and publicly report on the science of CSG and water. The committee was part of a deal struck by Tony Windsor and Rob Oakeshott to secure support for the mining tax.

More science, and more public science, is desperately needed here. However, as I’ve already noted, it’s not just water. We need local, credible, science on what CSG might or might not be releasing into the air, too.

George Wilkenfeld on CSG fugitive emissions – “could be worse than burning coal”

   

As noted in my earlier article, the federal government’s position on the way CSG fugitive emissions are currently assessed is supported by the “indpendent analysis” of the “Wilkenfeld report”. The Wilkenfeld report is an “…independent analysis” commissioned by the government and conducted by George Wilkenfeld and associates, an environmental consulting firm.

I’m very interested to find out what that report contains to justify the federal government’s position – which amounts to stating that CSG fugitive emissions are not a problem. So are the Australian Greens, particularly climate change spokesperson Chrstine Milne. Senator Penny Wong, in a response to an earlier question by Milne, has already acknowledged that the report doesn’t actually contain any independent data collection, but Milne and the Greens are continuing to seek its release, only to be knocked back in the Senate by the major parties. But what could it possibly say that would make the government so keen to keep it under wraps?

Of course, George Wilkenfeld himself is unlikely to comment directly on the contents of his report. But it turns out he’s already made his views on CSG fugitive emissions public, in an op-ed written for the Fairfax press arguing strongly against using CSG in New South Wales:

Conventional natural gas production can be managed to control leakage of unburnt methane, which is a far more potent greenhouse gas than CO2, and to remove any naturally occurring CO2 from the gas stream (hopefully, for reinjection into the gas reservoir). Coal seam production is more dispersed and less controlled. There is a risk of methane bypassing the well and bubbling up with the contaminated water and through surface fractures. The overall greenhouse impact could be worse than burning coal. The size of the production zone makes it difficult to monitor methane leakage and, if detected, not much can be done other than wait for the flow to stop.

Yes, that’s right. The government’s own handpicked expert thinks that the “overall greenhouse impact could be worse than burning coal”, and has been prepared to say so publicly. It’s hard to imagine that his advice to the government would have been significantly different.

And it’s also hard not to conclude that the government has seen this particular advice, and decided that the easiest response is to hide it and hope the issue goes away, rather than acting.

Moderate voices in the Coal Seam Gas debate: Video interviews

   

As Kim Jameson reported, The Greens have ramped up the pressure on their key issue of Coal Seam Gas today, as the election enters its closing days. Similarly, Lock The Gate Alliance made an intervention around mining tenements under Brisbane’s Western Suburbs, which we’ve assessed in a post.

Polls have consistently shown that Coal Seam Gas is a controversial issue among Queenslanders, with majorities opposed to the industry. Yet whether or not the issue is a vote changer is yet to be demonstrated. Significant here is the fact that, as I suggested last week, the positions of the major parties, the ALP and the Liberal National Party, are not too far apart, though there are important nuances.

However, it would be wrong to suggest that all stakeholders line up on one side or other of the issue.

Cr Ray Brown, Mayor, Western Downs Regional Council

On our field reporting trip to the Western Downs, among the interviews we conducted were with Western Downs Regional Council Mayor Councillor Ray Brown:

YouTube Preview Image

Councillor Brown described himself as an environmentalist, but saw a possibility of co-existence between agriculture and Coal Seam Gas. The Mayor felt that enforcement of regulation was key, as was an appropriate recognition that some land is simply not suitable for extractive industries. He displayed a sensitivity to the range of views among citizens, and some of the potential adverse impacts on the environment – particularly around salt and water.

The Mayor reminded people that the headwaters of the Murray-Darling Basin are on the Western Downs.

Councillor Brown, who himself faces re-election on April 28, did not think that either the Labor Party or the LNP would make major changes to the policy settings around Coal Seam Gas. He described the biggest question as whether the government would be “blinded by the royalty cheque”. For Ray Brown, the impact on people, communities and the environment needs balancing with the wealth created by mining and CSG and the revenues it generates.

We also spoke to farmer Ian Hayllor.

Ian Hayllor, Chair of the Basin Sustainability Alliance

YouTube Preview Image

Ian Hayllor, who works a large property with different crops planted outside Dalby, was a leader in the formation of  the Basin Sustainability Alliance in 2010.

Hayllor describes his concerns as revolving around sustainability, and the cultivation of an appropriate balance between development, existing land use, and communities. The Alliance lobbies government and corporates.

Hayllor is conscious of the need to avoid a boom/bust cycle, pointing out that the gas industry has a life cycle of thirty years, but that agriculture may continue for a thousand. Hayllor sounded a note we heard again and again, which is a lack of science and data to properly assess risks. For him, the understanding of the groundwater impact is key. Hayllor believes that communication between companies and the community is not ideal. Ian has some faith that the process is improving, and in particular feels that the Federal Government’s Interim Expert Scientific Committee is a good sign.

Interestingly, Hayllor also feels that there is potential for some investment in renewable energy technologies in the Surat Basin.

When the dust settles on the Queensland election campaign next week, the voices of moderates in the debate will play as important a role as those who are strongly for or against Coal Seam Gas exploration and extraction.

Dr Mark Bahnisch

FAQ Research.

Coal Seam Gas in the news today

   

A quick roundup of developments not yet reported:

* The CFMEU is concerned about the lack of social infrastructure accompanying fast-paced mining development;

* ABC radio reports that Coal Seam Gas is shaping up as a key issue for farmers;

* University of Queensland economist scores the parties’ policies for their environmental impact at The Conversation.

Kim Jameson

FAQ Research.

Queensland Greens push CSG as campaign enters final stretch

   
YouTube Preview Image

As Dr Mark Bahnisch predicted at the start of the campaign, the Queensland Greens are heavily emphasising the Coal Seam Gas issue as the state election campaign enters its final stretch.

The Greens are currently sitting on 9% in the latest Newspoll, which is slightly higher than the 8.39% they polled in the 2009 election.

Kim Jameson

FAQ Research.

Assessing claims about CSG tenements in Brisbane’s western suburbs

   

In the last week of the campaign, Coal Seam Gas has at last fired as an election issue. At an ill-tempered forum in Ashgrove on Sunday, a large number of questions were put to Campbell Newman by Brisbane voters on Coal Seam Gas.

Today, the Courier-Mail is running with a story highlighting claims by Lock The Gate Alliance President Drew Hutton that:

A large coal seam gas exploration permit has been granted over a large part of Brisbane’s western suburbs.

The permit, known as EPP641 is owned by BNG Pty Ltd which is a subsidiary of the large CSG company, Arrow which is, in turn, owned 50-50 by the multi-national corporations, PetroChina and Shell.

Suburbs of Brisbane covered by the EPP include Moggill, Pullenvale, Karana Downs and Brookfield and the tenement comes within a kilometre or so of the Kenmore shopping centre.

However, legislation was amended in 2011 to rule out the exploitation of mining tenements in urban areas. The legislation, the Resources Legislation (Balance, Certainty and Efficiency) Act 2011, is accompanied, as is standard, by an Explanatory Memorandum:

The Bill implements the Government’s initiative to resolve community concerns about resource exploration and activities in and close to urban areas – the Urban Restricted Areas (URA) policy.

While economic benefits from the resources sector is considered vital to the ongoing prosperity of Queensland, consideration also needs to be given to the amenity and liveability enjoyed by the people living in towns near to
resources rich areas.

Interim restrictions were introduced on 16 August 2011 to prevent new exploration applications being made in certain urban areas. The restrictions included land within SEQ regional area plus a two kilometre buffer. Outside of SEQ, restrictions were applied to town areas plus a two kilometre buffer area for towns with a population of 1,000 or more. This Bill will amend resources acts to put in place more permanent arrangements to maintain restrictions for carrying out resources activities in close proximity to urban communities.

Lawyers Carter Newell explain the policy introduced in August 2011:

The Queensland Government gave force to the Policy by declaring a new restricted area under the Mineral Resources Act 1989 (Qld).Areas which fall within Restricted Area 384 (RA384) include: all land bound by the SEQ Regional Plan, which spans from the Sunshine Coast to the Queensland border and extends west past Toowoomba; and all regional towns with a population of 1,000 or more.

A two kilometre buffer from the boundary of each declared urban centre is also classified as restricted area.

The impact of the declaration is that while RA384 is in effect, the Queensland Government will refuse all new applications for coal and mineral exploration which cover or partially cover the restricted area.

The Act of 2011 gives legislative effect to this policy.

Kim Jameson

FAQ Research.